Threshold of Micro – Financing in Morocco

Author(s)

Malik Shahzad Shabbir ,

Download Full PDF Pages: 12-25 | Views: 815 | Downloads: 195 | DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3441710

Volume 5 - March 2016 (03)

Abstract

This study examines the historical portfolio of Micro – Finance in Morocco. The microfinance sector in Morocco relies on continued support from its Government through the legal framework. Their aim was to improve access for low-income micro entrepreneurs to financial services and help them to broaden their businesses, raise their income and increase employment. Moreover it was intended to strengthen the capacities of local associations to grant microcredit services. The ideal of microfinance was conceived as a process that seeks sustainability of its actions and synergy with all the policies of national and sectorial development. MFIs focused on individual and small business lending and could so increase loan sizes by 132 % between 2002 and 2008. Morocco seems to be aware of the importance of microfinance and puts a lot of effort into the development of the sector. The country’s success will depend on how it deals with future challenges. As long as the focus does not lie solely on profits, but accommodates sustainable growth and poor clients, Morocco will be able to continue its success story further.

Keywords

 low-income micro entrepreneurs, portfolio, microcredit, financial services.

References

       i.        Ammor, Mohammed Abdou; El Jaafari, Alaeddine: Risques et Protection des Consommateurs en Microfinance Maroc, IDLO Voix de la Microfinance, 2009.

ii.      Armendáriz, Beatriz; Morduch, Jonathan: The Economics of Microfinance, Cambridge, 2007

iii.    Armendáriz, Beatriz; Szafarz, Ariane: On Mission Drift in Microfinance Institutions, in The Handbook of Microfinance, 2011.

iv.     Atallah, Clara; El Hyami, Omar: Microfinance, Quelles perspectives de développement pour les IMF, Cas du Maroc, May 2009.

v.       Attawfiq: Services de bancarisation LIB, http://www.fbpmc.ma/index.php?option=com_

a.      content&view=article&id=53&Itemid=59, Download June 2013a.

vi.     Attawfiq: A propos d’Attawfiq Micro-Finance http://www.fbpmc.ma/index.php?Option=com

a.      content&view=article&id=47&Itemid=27, Download July 2013b.

vii.   BAM Bank Al-Maghrib: Rapport annuel sur le contrôle, l’activité et les résultats des établissements de crédit, Exercice 2008.

viii. BAM Bank Al-Maghrib: Rapport annuel sur le contrôle, l’activité et les résultats des établissements de crédit, Exercice 2011.

ix.     Dhumale, Rahul; Sapcanin, Amela: An Application of Islamic Banking Principles to

a.      Microfinance, Technical Note, 1999.

x.       Duval, Ann: Evaluation du Secteur du Microcrédit au Maroc, Projet de Rapport, Septembre

a.      2001.

xi.     Economist Intelligence Unit (2012): Global microscope on the microfinance business environment

xii.   Glaubitt, Klaus; Hagen, Hanns Martin; Schütte, Haje: Mainstreaming Microfinance – Quo Vadis Microfinance Investments? In: Microfinance Investment Funds, Editors Ingrid Matthäus-Maier, J.D. von Pischke, Berlin 2006.

xiii. Grameen-Jameel: The Microcredit Sector in Morocco Pre and Post Crisis, June 2012.

xiv.GTAI German Trade and Invest: Wirtschaftsdaten kompakt Marokko, Download June 2013 http://www.gtai.de/GTAI/Content/DE/Trade/Fachdaten/PUB/2012/11/pub2012112680

a.      22_159360.pdf Mai 2013.

xv.   Helmes, Brigit; Xavier Reille: Interest Rate Ceilings and Microfinance, The Story So Far.

a.      CGAP Occasional Paper 9, September 2004.

xvi. Hermes, Niels; Lensink, Robert: The Empirics of Microfinance: What do we know? In: the

a.      Economic Journal 117, February 2007.

xvii. IMF: World Economic Outlook Database, April 2013.

xviii. Isaia, Eleonora: Microcredit in Morocco: the Zakoura Foundation’s Experience, University of

a.      Turin, June 2005.

xix. Islam, Tazul: Microcredit and Poverty Alleviation, Tokyo 2007.

xx.   Jaida: Enquête Sectorielle 2010, Analyse du Prêt Individuel et de l’endettement Croise, January 2011.

xxi. Jaida: Veille Sectorielle Micro-Finance un après l’annonce des Turbulences, September 2009. Karlan, Dean; Goldberg, Nathanael: Microfinance Evaluation Strategies: Notes on

a.      Methodology and Findings, in: The Handbook of Microfinance, 2011.

xxii. Köhn, Doris; Jainzik, Michael: Sustainability in Microfinance – Visions and Versions for Exit by Development Finance Institutions. In: Microfinance Investment Funds, Editors Ingrid Matthäus-Maier, J.D. von Pischke, Berlin 2006.

xxiii.Kurze, Thomas: Aktuelle Probleme und Chancen. In die bank Zeitschrift für Bankpolitik und Praxis: www.die-bank.de/banking/aktuelle-probleme-und- chancen/?searchterm=Aktuelle Probleme und Chancen, Download July 2013.

xxiv. Ledgerwood, Joanna; White, Victoria: Transforming Microfinance Institutions, Providing

a.      Full Financial Services to the Poor. Washington 2006

xxv. Littlefield, Elisabeth; Morduch, Jonathan; Hashemi, Syed: Is Microfinance and effective strategy to reach the Millennium Development Goals? In: CGAP Focus Note No 24, January 2003.

xxvi. Livre Blanc du Microcrédit au Maroc: Download July 2013. http://cm6- microfinance.ma/uploads/file/Livre%20blanc%20du%20Microcr%C3%A9dit%20au%

a.      20Maroc%20(En%20fran%C3%A7ais).pdf, October 2012.

xxvii. Loi N° 58-03 modifiant et complétant la loi n° 18-97 relative au micro-crédit, Mai 2004. Loi N° 18-97 relative au Microcrédit, April 1999.

xxviii. Maeser, Paul P.: Mikrofinanzierungen – Chancen für die Entwicklungspolitik und

a.      Rahmenbedingungen für einen effizienten Einsatz. FHW Working Paper No. 39, May

b.      2008.

xxix. Microcredit Summit Campaign 2011, http://stateofthecampaign.org/data/2011-data/ Download July 2013.

xxx.  Microcredit Summit Campaign Online: http://www.microcreditsummit.org.

xxxi. Ministry of Economy and Finance: Definition Microcredit (2013)

xxxii. MIX Market: Cross-market Analysis, Percent of female borrowers,

xxxiii. MIX Market: Cross-market Analysis, Portfolio at risk

xxxiv. MIX Market: FAQs on Microfinance. Download 28.05.2013 http://www.themix.org/about- microfinance/FAQ?print, 2010.

xxxv.  Morduch, Jonathan; Haley, Barbara: Analysis of the Effects of Microfinance on Poverty

a.      Reduction, NYU Wagner Working Paper No. 1014, June, 2002.

xxxvi. Nobel Prize: The Nobel Peace Prize 2006, Muhammad Yunus, Grameen Bank Press Release, Download 18.07.13, http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/ peace/laureates/2006/press.html, October 2006.

xxxvii. Pindyck, Robert S.; Rubinfeld, Daniel L.: Microeconomics, Eighth edition, 2012.

xxxviii. Rosenberg; Richard; Gonzalez, Adrian; Narain, Sushma: Are Microcredit Interest Rates

a.      Excessive? CGAP Brief February 2009.

xxxix. Roy, Anaya: Poverty capital, microfinance and the making of development, New York 2010. Sarma, Mandira: Index of Financial Inclusion, Working Paper No. 215, Editor: Indian

a.      Council for Research on International Economic Relations, June 2008.

xl.     Schicks, Jessica; Rosenberg, Richard: Too Much Microcredit? A Survey of the Evidence on

a.      Over-Indebtedness, CGAP Occasional Paper No. 19, September 2011.

xli. Shabbir, M. S. (2014). The impact of human resource practices on employee perceived        performance in pharmaceutical sector of Pakistan. African Journal of Business Management, 8(15), 626-632.

xlii. Shabbir, M. S. (2014). The Level of Entrepreneurship Growth and Obstacles In Trade Openness: A Comparative Study Of Asian Countries Pakistan, India And Malaysia. Journal of Contemporary Management, 3(4), 33-47.

xliii. Shabbir MS (2015) Innovation and Competitiveness Lead to Industrial Trade. Business   and Economics Journal, Vol 6(4): 181.

xliv. Shabbir MS (2015) Why Manufacturers are Less Powerful than Retailers in Trade Circles? A Case Study of Wal-Mart Retailing Businesses. Business and Economics Journal, Vol 6 (4): 177.

xlv. Shahzad M, Rehman A (2015) Barriers to Service Quality in the Banks of Pakistan: A Comparative Study of Islamic and Conventional Banks. Business and Economics Journal, Vol 6 (4): 178

xlvi.  Shabbir et al (2016) Impact of Social Media Applications on Small Business Entrepreneurs. Management and Economics Research Journal, Vol. 2, Pages 1–6

xlvii. Sijilmassi, M. Tariq (2012): Stratégie nationale de la microfinance, Symposium International de la Microfinance au Maroc, (2012).

xlviii. Ströh de Martínez, Christiane: Finance for the poor in demand: Who uses microfinance and why? HWR Working Paper No. 10, 2011.

xlix.  Swope, Tessie: Microfinance and Poverty Alleviation. In Rollins Undergraduate Research

a.      Journal, Volume 2, Spring 2010.

l.        Transparency International: Corruption Perceptions Index 2012, December 2012.

li.      Vanroose A (2008): What macro factors make microfinance institutions reach out? Centre Emile Bernheim Working Paper N° 08/036.

lii.    Wibme (2012): Morocco Developing SME's as an engine for growth,

liii.  World Bank: (2012). Country and Lending Groups,

liv.   World Bank,  (2013a). Financial Inclusion data for Morocco

lv.     Year of Microcredit: Building Inclusive Financial Sectors to Achieve the Millennium

a.      Development Goals. Online May 2013, www.yearofmicrocredit.org, 2005.

lvi.   Yunus, Muhammad (2003): Banker to the Poor, Micro-Lending and the Battle against World

a.      Poverty, New York.

lvii. Zakoura (2013): Performance Sociale & Financière, Distinctions de la Fondation Zakoura Micro Crédit et de ses Porteurs de Projet.

Cite this Article: